Wurzburg, Germany  - Gourmets consider the artichoke a tasty delicacy, but for people with digestive problems its bitterness is a helpful natural cure.

"The use of artichoke leaves is scientifically recognized in treating stomach and intestinal problems, above all when they are caused by liver or gall bladder dysfunction," said Johannes Gottfried Mayer of a medical research group at the University of Wurzburg.

The important ingredients, however, are not in the plant's savoury receptacle and petals, rather in the leaves. The bitter materials reach a relatively high concentration of up to 6 per cent.

"They stimulate the flow of bile from the gall bladder, which leads to improved digestion of fats," said Mayer. These bitter materials, however, are largely lost when the artichoke is cooked the way vegetables are usually prepared. Tea made from artichoke leaves also has hardly any relevant effects.

Only pharmaceutical supplements ensure the sufficient dosage of the ingredient, said Mayer, who added that there are no known side effects. The important substance cynarin emerges when the plant is processed. Mayer refers to a few studies that have shown that cynarin may have liver-protection qualities. Artichokes also appear to have a positive affect on loss of appetite, high cholesterol and arteriosclerosis disease.

People who are allergic to artichokes and other composite plants should avoid the supplements. And people with gall bladder problems should consult a doctor before beginning a treatment that uses artichokes. (dpa)