Technology Sector

Life may be abundant in Universe in form of super-Earths

Solar SystemWashington, Dec 16 : A new model has revealed that one-third of all solar systems may contain super-Earths, which indicates that life may be abundant in the Universe.

Cold "Super-Earths", which are giant, "snowball" planets that astronomers have spied on the outskirts of faraway solar systems, could potentially support some kind of life, they have found.

"We know there are a lot of super-Earths out there, and the next generation of telescopes will be even better at spotting them," said Scott Gaudi, assistant professor of astronomy at Ohio State University.

Space now closer to Earth than ever before

Space now closer to Earth than ever beforeWashington, Dec 16 : The boundary between the Earth''s upper atmosphere and space has moved to extraordinarily low altitudes, observations made by NASA instruments onboard an Air Force satellite have shown.

The observations were made by the Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamics Investigation (CINDI) instrument suite, which was launched aboard the U. S. Air Force''s Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) satellite on April 16, 2008.

New detector will help search elusive dark matter

Washington, Dec 12 : Physicists at the MIT have built a calibration tool that will aid in the search for dark matter, by revealing when hypothetical particles are detected.

Several research projects are underway to try to detect particles that may make up the mysterious “dark matter”, believed to dominate the universe’s mass.

But the existing detectors have a problem.

They also pick up particles of ordinary matter - hurtling neutrons that masquerade as the elusive dark-matter particles the instruments are designed to find.

‘Impossible’ molecular chain reaction on metal surface demonstrated

Washington, Dec 12 : A team of scientists at the University of Pittsburgh and the U. S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) in Pittsburgh has demonstrated a molecular chain reaction on a metal surface – a nanoscale process with sizable potential in areas from nanotechnology to developing information storage technology.

The researchers said that a single electron caused a self-perpetuating chain reaction that rearranged the bonds in 10 consecutive molecules positioned on a gold surface.

As each molecule''s original bond was broken by the reaction, the molecule rearranged itself to form a new molecule.

US engineers to create parts of ‘virtual’ crash test dummy

Test Crash DummyWashington, Dec 12 : Engineers at U. Va.''s Center for Biomechanics are creating a new "virtual" dummy, which will live entirely within computers and will be more realistic than any physical dummy ever subjected to a crash test.

For decades, automobile manufacturers have been crashing test dummies to gain insight to how various auto safety systems protect — or fail to protect — people during car accidents.

However, those dummies are made of plastic and steel, not tissue and bone. They can teach only so much.

Crystals turn roads into power stations

London, Dec 11 : Engineers in Israel are hoping to develop roads into power stations, by using crystals to harvest energy from passing vehicles.

According to a report in New Scientist, the crystals have been developed by Haim Abramovich at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa in Israel.

He recommends placing piezoelectric crystals under the asphalt that convert vibration into electricity, which would help to harvest energy from passing vehicles.

Abramovich said that the crystals can produce up to 400 kilowatts from a 1-kilometre stretch of four-lane highway.

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