NASA releases Pictures Showing a day on Pluto and Its Moon Charon
During a flyby of Pluto in July, New Horizons of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) captured some stunning photos of the dwarf planet. The cameras of the spacecraft captured Pluto rotating over the course of a 'Pluto day'. Now, the mission scientists have selected some best pictures of each side of the dwarf planet to combine them to make a full rotation view.
A day on Pluto is equal to about 6.4 days here on earth. The images used by the scientists were captured by the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) and the Ralph/Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera. During its closest flyby, New Horizons was about 400,000 miles from the surface of the dwarf planet.
Charon, also known as Pluto I, is one of the moons of Pluto. It rotates once every about 6.4 days of earth. The cameras took the images from July 7 to July 13. In the most distant images, some surface features can be seen easily. The pictures showed canyons, cratered uplands and rolling plains.
These pictures have revealed several things about Charon in detail. The United States space agency released a number of images of Charon's full rotation. The photos showed that the moon has similar rotation speed as Pluto.
NASA has decided to use the images to understand more about the dwarf planet's surface in detail, but the photos do have their limitations. As per the space agency, "The side that New Horizons saw in the most detail - what the mission team calls the 'encounter hemisphere' - is at the 6 o'clock position".
Pluto’s day is 6.4 Earth days long. The images were taken by the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) and the Ralph/Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera as the distance between New Horizons and Pluto decreased from 5 million miles (8 million kilometers) on July 7 to 400,000 miles (about 645,000 kilometers) on July 13. The more distant images contribute to the view at the 3 o’clock position, with the top of the heart-shaped, informally named Tombaugh Regio slipping out of view, giving way to the side of Pluto that was facing away from New Horizons during closest approach on July 14. The side New Horizons saw in most detail – what the mission team calls the “encounter hemisphere” – is at the 6 o’clock position.
The images of Pluto were taken from July 7 to July 13 by the New Horizons spacecraft at a range of 5 million miles to 400,000 miles, as the dwarf planet rotated in its orbit around the sun, NASA said.
Charon – like Pluto – rotates once every 6.4 Earth days. The photos were taken by LORRI and Ralph/MVIC from July 7-13, as New Horizons closed in over a range of 6.4 million miles (10.2 million kilometers). Charon isn't Pluto's only moon; four other, smaller bodies also orbit the dwarf planet. Kerberos, Nix, Hydra and Styx are all small, oddly shaped bodies that actually appear to tumble in their paths around Pluto.
Charon was discovered by United States Naval Observatory astronomer James Christy, using the 1.55-meter telescope at NOFS, and was formally announced to the world via the International Astronomical Union on July 7, 1978. Subsequent observations of Pluto determined that the bulge was due to a smaller accompanying body. The periodicity of the bulge corresponded to Pluto's rotation period, which was previously known from Pluto's light curve. This indicated a synchronous orbit, which strongly suggested that the bulge effect was real and not spurious.
The photos reveal many aspects of Pluto’s surface, such as the differences between the encounter hemisphere and the far side of Pluto. While in that area of the solar system, NASA also took photos of Pluto’s jumbo moon, Charon, which also takes 6.4 Earth days to rotate.
The New Horizons spacecraft is continuing on to take photos of an object outside the solar system that is about 30 miles wide, the Daily Mail reported. New Horizons won’t be seeing it anytime soon, however -- it's about a billion miles from Pluto and should be seen by the spacecraft in 2019.