Scientists have developed something that will most likely become instrumental in designing future technologies like 'smart wallpaper' and ‘internet-of-things’ applications. A new ultra-thin, patterned graphene sheet has been created by the scientists that will be capable of producing power from waste light or heat.

Graphene is a form of carbon, with a thickness of only one atom. It is an extremely strong and electronically excellent conducting material. However, it is not capable of being used in optical applications due to its low light absorption capacity of 2.3%.

However, the researchers from Britain’s University of Surrey have applied a new technique to boost graphene’s capacity to absorb light by 90%. The researchers applied a technique, inspired by nature, known as nanotexturing, for the development of the most light-absorbent graphene ever, in accordance with its weight.

According to the Advanced Technology Institute Head at Surrey, Professor Ravi Silva, nature has created some easy but strong adaptations and the scientists have been inspired by one such adaptation to resolve the issues for future technologies.

“Moths’ eyes have microscopic patterning that allows them to see in the dimmest conditions. These work by channelling light towards the middle of the eye, with the added benefit of eliminating reflections, which would otherwise alert predators of their location,” said Prof. Silva. Using this inspiration, scientists created the thin, proficient and light-absorbent material by similar patterning of graphene. Solar cells with higher efficiency and various kinds of sensors and energy harvesters can be created using this ultra-thin graphene.

Prof. Silva stated that after being coated with this material, solar cells will gain ability to absorb extremely dim light as well. In addition, indoor installation will be instrumental in advancement towards future ‘smart wallpaper’ or ‘smart windows’. He added that the next challenge is integration of this material into a range of existing and emerging technologies.